* Please Note: This information is based partly on Traditional Medicine which uses natural materials to support health. This information has not been evaluated or approved by the FDA. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These products are intended to support general well being and are not intended to treat, diagnose, mitigate, prevent, or cure any condition or disease. If conditions persist, please seek advice from your medical doctor.
Description: A robust perennial herb of up to 2 m in height, with broad, lobed, compound leaves and small yellow flowers arranged in double umbels.
Origin: Eastern Mediterranean region. The plant has been cultivated since ancient times and has become naturalised in Europe and North America. Commercial supplies of raw material come from cultivated plants.
Parts Used: Dried rhizome and roots (Levistici radix), sometimes also fruits and leaves.
Therapeutic Category: Carminative, diuretic.
Uses and Properties: The main use of the root is as diuretic to treat oedema, inflammation of the lower urinary tract and to prevent kidney gravel. Traditionally it has been taken to improve digestion (as a stomachic and carminative) and as expectorant and emmenagogue. Lovage is also used as a spice and in liqueurs (bitters).
Active Ingredients: The roots contain an essential oil (around 1% of dry weight) with up to 70% alkylphthalides. These compounds, with their characteristic smell, include 3-butylphthalide and cis- and trans-ligustilide as main constituents, with various other phthalides (ligusticum lactone, sedanenolide and angeolide - these are actually cis and trans isomers, as well as dimers). Other oil components include mono- and sesquiterpenoids (alpha- and beta-pinene, pentacyclohexadiene, alpha- and beta-phellandrene, myrcene and others), as well as coumarins and furanocoumarins (bergapten, coumarin, psoralen and umbelliferone) and polyacetylenes (falcarindiol). Various organic acids have also been reported including ferulic, caffeic, angelic and isovaleric acids.
Pharmacological Effects: Ligustilide butylidenephthalides are antispasmodic, while the phthalides in general are known to stimulate the secretion of saliva and gastric luices. Butylphthalide and sedanenolide have sedative effects. The furanocoumarins are unlikely to cause phototoxicity because they are poorly soluble in water and therefore practically absent from the tea.
Status: Traditional medicine; Pharm.; Comm. E+.
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Directions
Stir 1/4 of a teaspoon into a glass of water and consume 3 times daily, with meals.
Additional Information
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These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Products are intended to support general well being and are not intended to treat, diagnose, mitigate, prevent, or cure any condition or disease. If conditions persist, please seek advice from your medical doctor. The essence of the current American rule on Traditional Uses is, as stated by FTC, "Claims based on historical or traditional use should be substantiated by confirming scientific evidence, or should be presented in such a way that consumers understand that the sole basis for the claim is a history of use of the product for a particular purpose."
