* Please Note: This information is based partly on Traditional Medicine which uses natural materials to support health. This information has not been evaluated or approved by the FDA. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These products are intended to support general well being and are not intended to treat, diagnose, mitigate, prevent, or cure any condition or disease. If conditions persist, please seek advice from your medical doctor.
Description
Oak, Common Quercus robur L.
Family: Fagaceae.
Other Names: Common oak; chêne blanc (French); Stieleiche (German); quercia commune (Italian).
Description: A large deciduous tree (up to 50 m), easily recognised by the shortly stalked (almost sessile) leaves, lobed wavy leaf margins, long flowering stalks and the characteristic fruits (acorns). It is similar to sesile oak (Q. petraea), which has stalked leaves but stalkless flower clusters. In Europe, oak bark was much used in former times for tanning in the leather industry, while oak wood remains an important industrial source of tannins, especially for taste improvement in the wine and spirits industries. Other tannin sources include blackwattle bark from Acacia mearnsii {South Africa, Kenya, Brazil), bark from Schinopsis species (South America), bark from Myrica esculenta (China) and black myrobalan fruits from Terminalia chebula (India).
Origin: Europe. Commercially from eastern Europe.
Parts Used: The bark from young branches and trunks of young trees (Q. petraea, Q. robur) is harvested in spring (Quercus cortex).
Uses and Properties: Oak bark and extracts thereof are used against acute diarrhoea and stomach cramps. It is applied externally against inflammations of the skin or mucosa, particularly of the mouth and throat, but also the genital and anal region; furthermore to treat wounds, eczema, and foot perspiration.
Preparation and Dosage: For internal use, about 3 g of the drug are taken as a decoction. Oral rinses, gargles and compresses are prepared from 20 g of the bark in 1 litre of water. For bathing, 5 g per litre of water is used.
Active Ingredients: The main constituents in the bark are condensed tannins (up to 20%), mainly ellagitannins (such as castalagin, roburin), catechins and oligomeric proanthocyanidins.
Pharmacological Effects: Tannins non-specifically inhibit or denature proteins, such as enzymes and receptors; it is plausible to attribute antimicrobial, antiviral, anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory and haemostyptic properties to tannins.
Notes: Oak galls (gallae) are especially rich in gallotannins and very astringent and are sometimes used as the main source of medicinal tannins.
Status: Traditional medicine; Pharm.; Comm. E+.
The bitter and astringent bark and acorns of the oak are used medicinally. In addition to the astringency, oak is also reputed to be antiseptic and hemostatic. The bodily systems affected by oak are the spleen, the stomach, and the intestines. With up to 15-20% tannins, oak bark is used to treat diarrhea, dysentery, and bleeding. Externally, the bark or leaves are either boiled or steamed and applied, topically, to relieve bruises, injuries, varicosities, swollen tissues, and bleeding.
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Directions
Take 1 capsule, 3 times daily, with meals.
Cautions
If diarrhoea persists after three to four days, a doctor should be consulted.
Additional Information
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These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Products are intended to support general well being and are not intended to treat, diagnose, mitigate, prevent, or cure any condition or disease.
